![]() It may occur with the use of diuretic agents, during renal dialysis, in the presence of renal damage, during starvation or reducing diets, and in the treatment of neoplastic disease where rapid resolution of tissue masses may occur. Hyperuricemia may be primary, as in gout, or secondary to diseases such as acute and chronic leukemia, polycythemia vera, multiple myeloma, and psoriasis. In practice, the net effect of such combined therapy may be useful in some patients in achieving minimum serum uric acid levels provided the total urinary uric acid load does not exceed the competence of the patient's renal function. The clearance of oxipurinol is increased by uricosuric drugs, and as a consequence, the addition of a uricosuric agent reduces to some degree the inhibition of xanthine oxidase by oxipurinol and increases to some degree the urinary excretion of uric acid. Whereas allopurinol is cleared essentially by glomerular filtration, oxipurinol is reabsorbed in the kidney tubules in a manner similar to the reabsorption of uric acid. Oxipurinol, however, has a longer plasma half-life (approximately 15 hours) and therefore effective xanthine oxidase inhibition is maintained over a 24-hour period with single daily doses of allopurinol. Because of its rapid oxidation to oxipurinol and a renal clearance rate approximately that of glomerular filtration rate, allopurinol has a plasma half-life of about 1 to 2 hours. Peak plasma levels generally occur at 1.5 hours and 4.5 hours for allopurinol and oxipurinol respectively, and after a single oral dose of 300 mg allopurinol, maximum plasma levels of about 3 mcg/mL of allopurinol and 6.5 mcg/mL of oxipurinol are produced.Īpproximately 20% of the ingested allopurinol is excreted in the feces. The third patient had lymphosarcoma and produced an extremely large amount of uric acid because of rapid cell lysis during chemotherapy.Īllopurinol is approximately 90% absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. This enzyme is required for the conversion of hypoxanthine, xanthine, and guanine to their respective nucleotides. Two of the patients had Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, which is characterized by excessive uric acid production combined with a deficiency of the enzyme, hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRTase). Xanthine crystalluria has been reported in only three patients. The increased xanthine and hypoxanthine in the urine have not been accompanied by problems of nephrolithiasis. The renal clearance of hypoxanthine and xanthine is at least 10 times greater than that of uric acid. These values are far below the saturation levels at which point their precipitation would be expected to occur (above 7 mg/dL). A maximum of 0.9 mg/dL of these oxypurines has been reported when the serum urate was lowered to less than 2 mg/dL by high doses of allopurinol. As a result of xanthine oxidase inhibition, the serum concentration of hypoxanthine plus xanthine in patients receiving allopurinol for treatment of hyperuricemia is usually in the range of 0.3 to 0.4 mg/dL compared to a normal level of approximately 0.15 mg/dL. This reutilization does not disrupt normal nucleic acid anabolism, however, because feedback inhibition is an integral part of purine biosynthesis. The annual BestPlaces Comfort Index for the 68788 zip code is 7.0 (10=best), which means it is less comfortable than most places in Nebraska.It has been shown that reutilization of both hypoxanthine and xanthine for nucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis is markedly enhanced when their oxidations are inhibited by allopurinol and oxipurinol. Summer High: the July high is around 86 degrees Winter Low: the January low is 11 Rain: averages 30 inches of rain a year Snow: averages 30 inches of snow a year BESTPLACES COMFORT INDEX In order for precipitation to be counted you have to get at least. Precipitation is rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground. West Point (zip 68788) gets some kind of precipitation, on average, 87 days per year. On average, there are 210 sunny days per year in West Point (zip 68788). The US average is 28 inches of snow per year. West Point (zip 68788) averages 30 inches of snow per year. The US average is 38 inches of rain per year. West Point (zip 68788), Nebraska gets 30 inches of rain, on average, per year. ![]() Overall, 68788 West Point has a temperate climate that makes it a great place to live year-round. The area does experience periodic snowfall throughout the year, but nothing too extreme. During winter months, daytime temperatures hover around 35☏ and drop to an average low of about 20☏ at night. During the summer months, temperatures average around 75☏ during the day while still dipping to an average of 55☏ at night. The climate in 68788 West Point, NE is generally mild and pleasant.
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